Pruning cherries is essential for the full development of a woody plant and good fruiting.
Distinguish the first pruning of sweet cherries and the subsequent. What is the difference between these two types and how specifically to perform the trimming procedure, we consider next.
Cutting cherries for the first time, or the beginning of the formation
The first time a 1-2-year-old sweet cherry is cut in the first decade of June. This is done in order to increase the number of branches of the lower tier, reduce growth processes at the top of the crown and, of course, achieve the main goal - early fruiting.
After the formation process, 4-6 basic branches of the lower tier of the tree remain, in the second one - about 2-3, in the third - 2, no more. Moreover, the tiered distance should be approximately 70-85 cm.
The formation of the vine - a good thing for the garden.
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The formation of the vine - a good thing for the garden.The first pruning is as follows:
For the developed sapling
if the seedling is fairly well developed and has 4-6 branches, which are oriented in different directions, and the angle they form with the conductor is more than 45 degrees, then the lower branches decrease to 50-60 cm;- then go to the shoots above. They need to be cut so that they are approximately at the height of the lower tier, but the central shoot of this level is 15 centimeters higher. Since the branches do not exceed 60 cm, their length is reduced by half or they take a third of the length at this particular level.
if the seedling is fairly well developed and has 4-6 branches, which are oriented in different directions, and the angle they form with the conductor is more than 45 degrees, then the lower branches decrease to 50-60 cm;For seedlings with a small number of side branches
What is meant by a small number of branches? No more than 2-3. Pruning such seedlings suggests that the branches will be shortened by an average of 25 cm.
This is done to enhance the growth of new shoots, which will later become skeletal (base) branches of the lower tier. On the same principles pruning trees with a one-sided crown.
What you should know in both cases
The cut, when the branches are shortened, is carried out on the outer kidney directed to the periphery, on the central conductor, on the contrary, on the inner one.
Subsequent pruning, or continued crown formation
Provided that the seedling is developing quite well, in the zone of the trunk it is necessary to remove all the leaves.
They only force the plant to spend the nutrients to form new shoots. There is, however, one exception: underdeveloped seedlings can be left buds in the trunk.
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Useful and high-quality fertilizer for grapes.General rules for pruning:
Next year, rapidly growing woody plants will form skeletal branches of 1-2 orders of branching. In most cases, the cherry branch branches only on the tips of the branches or in the place of reduction, thus forming 4-5 good shoots. In this situation, the cut is carried out on the most horizontal branch, oriented to the periphery of the crown, while the other branches are shortened by 10-12 cm.- branches that grow directly inside the crown and run parallel to most of the branches, and also have a discharge angle of less than 60 degrees, should be cut into a ring.
- a decrease in the length of the shoot in each tier is carried out along the length of the shoot, which is a continuation of the weakest lower skeletal (base) branch. The "reference" escape itself is by no means shortened!Those shoots that are located above, cut to 40-55 cm, horizontal, as well as those below - to 70-85 cm.
- if it is strongly developed, it is recommended to transfer the central conductor to another, weaker escape. To do this, it is shortened to 15 centimeters higher than the sections of the skeletal branches.
Next year, rapidly growing woody plants will form skeletal branches of 1-2 orders of branching. In most cases, the cherry branch branches only on the tips of the branches or in the place of reduction, thus forming 4-5 good shoots. In this situation, the cut is carried out on the most horizontal branch, oriented to the periphery of the crown, while the other branches are shortened by 10-12 cm.Trimming is carried out as follows:
- the main branches of the lower tier are required for the laying of branches of the second order. This bookmark is made at a distance of 30-70 cm from the trunk and aims to direct the branches to the periphery of the crown. In the event that the side shoots are longer than the continuation of the skeletal (basic) branch, they should be shortened. And if their length is less than 40-50 cm, then the branches are not shortened, and they are wrapped in bouquet sprigs.
laying the second tier is carried out at a distance of about 75 cm from the initial tier. For this purpose, 2-4 shoots are selected that have a detour angle of 50-60 degrees from the stem of the cherry tree. In addition, these shoots should be equally directed in all directions. For their shortening, choose such a level as the height of the shoots continuations of the skeletal branches of the initial tier. For the central shoot to this level should be added 15-20 cm and shorten;- the branches of the third tier are formed in the same way as the branches of the second tier. With the only difference: they are laid, respectively, at the level of 55 cm from the second tier.
laying the second tier is carried out at a distance of about 75 cm from the initial tier. For this purpose, 2-4 shoots are selected that have a detour angle of 50-60 degrees from the stem of the cherry tree. In addition, these shoots should be equally directed in all directions. For their shortening, choose such a level as the height of the shoots continuations of the skeletal branches of the initial tier. For the central shoot to this level should be added 15-20 cm and shorten;
Features of growing bruners krupnolistovoy.
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Features of growing bruners krupnolistovoy.The final trimming, or the completion of the formation
As a rule, crown formation is completed in the fifth or sixth year. At this time, as well as in the next 4 years, it is only necessary to remove the shoots directed inwards and which are too tall, and at the minimum to thin out the crown.
Have a good pruning!
