Apple variety Altai crimson - This is an artificially bred variety of apple trees.
This variety has spread quite recently, but after several decades it has won recognition in the CIS.
Possesses high frost resistance and good transportability of fruits.
What kind is it?
Apple Altai Crimson - this autumn variety.
Fruit ripening and readiness to harvest occurs in end of august.
Not stored for more than three months, recommended place for harvest: cellars and basements, isolated from light, heat and extreme cold.
Currently widely used in Siberia. Zoned in the West Siberian and East Siberian regions.
By the autumn varieties are: Aelita, Gala, Cinnamon striped, Bellefleur Kitaika, Sun, Rock, Freshness, Prima, Sweet, Uspenskoe, Junior Naturalist, Kutuzovets, Calvillo snow, Imrus, Zhiguli, Long (Kitaika) Dessert Petrov, Jonathan Volzanka , Borovinka, Aport Bloody Red.
Pollination
The variety is pollinated. According to the research of 2007-2008, The best pollinators were recognized: A gift to gardeners, the Covenant, Firebird, Altai ruddy.
Remember, in order for pollination to be successful, it is necessary to plant a pollinator tree close enough, at a distance about 3 meters.
Altai Crimson variety description
The Altai Crimson Apple Tree is a medium grown tree with enough small fruits.
Possess wide crownrepeating the shape of an oval. Larchiness - average density, growth also average. The growth of branches is directed upwards or is located at an angle of 90%.
Fruit ripening occurs at the endings of increments that are at the age of one year, as well as on the wheels.
The color of the leaves is dark green, the surface is matte. Leaf size is medium, oblong, oval.
The descent is not pronounced, the tip is tucked and pointed to the side. At the very base of the leaf, the stalks have a rich crimson hue; they are rather long.
A distinctive feature of the Altai crimson - This is a small size fruit. Unfortunately, this is considered minus varieties. The weight of one fruit varies from 25 to 30 gramsThe surface is smooth, smooth.
Dark red color appears on the skin from the side where the sun does not fall, the main background shade is yellow, also in places where there is redness, a bluish bloom is strongly pronounced.
There is no rusting, the funnel has an average size. Seed chamber closed.
The pulp has a pleasant taste, it is sweet with a hint of sourness. The color is cream, on the edges of the seed nest are red streaks.
A photo
Breeding history
Grade Altai crimson was bred in 1963 in NIISS them. M.A. Lisavenko. For its removal artificially pollinated apple variety Ermolaeva a mixture of pollen Pepin saffron, Welsey, Pepin Chernenko, Pipinka Lithuanian.
The authors of this class are considered M.A. Lisavenko, T.F. Kornienko, I.P. Kalinina, Z.A. Grankina.
In 1988 listed in the official register.
Growing and distribution region
Most grows widely in Siberia, as it is one of the few varieties that can tolerate low temperatures without damage.
Especially often you can meet in Altai, from this district he took his name.
At the same time, the tree takes root in other, less severe areas of climate and common throughout Russia, is found in Belarus and Ukraine.
For planting in this region are suitable varieties Gornoaltaisk, Bugler, Altynay, Lyubava, daughter Pepinchika, Uralets, Amber, Screen, Flashlight, Sokolovsky, Ural Filling, Silver hoof, Solntsedar, seedling Solntsedar, Snowdrop, Persian, Carpeted, holy, holiday, Bratchud.
Yield
Apple tree Altai crimson yield gives annually fruiting volume increases every year of life. The first portion of the fruit is collected from the tree at the age of four.
Large crop reach at six years old this year can be collected from 28 to 30 kg of apples. Next, the crop reaches 35 kg. The fruits ripen in the second half of August, have good transportability.
Planting and care
In order for the apple tree to give a good harvest and not to undergo diseases, it is necessary to follow a number of recommendations.
When planting apple trees (and the minimum you need to plant an apple tree of the Altai Crimson variety and its pollinator) It is necessary to observe the distance between the trees
The optimal distance for trees to be able to poll and not interfere with each other is 2.5-2 meters.
After you have purchased a seedling, you need to create a comfortable environment for transplantation.
The optimal size of the landing pit are: width is about 70-80 cm, depth - 70-60 cm.
The walls of the pits should be sheer, in order to ensure good water and breathability. It is necessary to fertilize the bottom of the pit. Sapling without fertilizer can not get enough minerals.
TIP: For fertilizer, use a couple of buckets of humus, horse earth, turf. All this must be mixed. And avoid chemical fertilizers.
Before direct planting, remove any damaged roots. If you notice that the roots are dry, to improve survival soak them in water for about 5-10 hours.
When planting, fill the soil in layers and lightly tamp to keep the tree in the ground better. But do not overdo it, because in case of too dense backfilling there is a chance that the tree will not receive the proper amount of oxygen.
IMPORTANT: For planting, you must use a peg that will support your tree during growth. If you do not tie the plant, the stem is deformed and there is a chance that your tree will be unsuitable for fruiting.
The first month after planting, the apple tree is necessary water 2-3 buckets at least once every 10 days.
TIP: Around the planted seedlings make a roller out of the ground so that the water for irrigation does not overflow.
The first couple of years of life carefully dig the ground surrounding the apple tree and make sure that weeds do not appear.
Regular watering is needed. Since apple trees are trees that love water, you can plant carpet of clover or grass to preserve soil moisture.
Adult fruiting plants must be watered:
- until the period when the buds begin to bloom;
- three weeks after the start of flowering;
- 4 weeks before fruit picking;
- after harvesting, during leaf fall.
In winter, trees can gnaw mice, so it must be tied with lapnik or strips of parchment. The first two years on apple trees cut off all the flowers to prevent exhaustion. Required fertilize 4 times per season.
Diseases and pests
Scab. Altai crimson has an average resistance to scab. The causative agent of the disease are disputes that develop on fallen autumn leaves in the winter. It is manifested by damages of a light green hue, the lesions are oily, later the spots begin to take on a crimson hue.
IMPORTANT: Scabs can be avoided by avoiding leaf rot after leaf fall. Time to clean and burn them outside your garden. Then you minimize the chances of infecting trees.
Treatment: Before the budding period, trees are sprayed with potassium chloride or urea. You can also treat Bordeaux liquid.
Aphid green apple. Parasite, one of the most common pests. The larvae feed during the period of bud swelling, simply eating greens and tree flowers.
Treatment: Processing Bordeaux liquid, burning and cutting shoots infected with eggs before the appearance of the first leaves, spraying various infusions (wormwood, dandelion, tobacco, chilli pepper, garlic, tomato tops, etc.).
IMPORTANT: Winged females as adults migrate to neighboring trees, the disease can affect the entire orchard.
Crayfish. Intractable fungal disease, which manifests the appearance of black-brown ulcers or growths on the trunk, branches and roots of the tree. With such a disease, the bark begins to die off and the tree to rot from the inside. Trees that are weak or old are often amazing.
Treatment: urea treatment twice a year (autumn and spring), it is also possible to spray the tree with copper chloroxide and Bordeaux liquor.
Altai crimson apple varieties are particularly well suited for growing in regions that survive cold winters.
Fruits do not differ in large size, but they have a pleasant taste and are easy to transport.
Caring for an apple tree is standard, quite unpretentious, needs a tree-pollinator.
The first couple of years of life carefully dig the ground surrounding the apple tree and make sure that weeds do not appear.
