Hippocrates spoke about the benefits of red wine, noting that this drink is truly healing for the human body. The grape product is a national drink of many countries (France, Italy, Chile). Its production has been established in many countries where there are ideal conditions for growing grapes. In today's world, every person has tried red wine at least once in his life, and if it was prepared using the correct technology, the unforgettable aroma of the drink remained in everyone’s memory. Pleasant aroma, hops, a lot of useful properties - all this is characteristic of a drink made from red grape varieties, and it is about this drink that will be discussed in this article.
Saturated taste and color
Today, on the shelves of wine cellars you can find a variety of red wines, which are made and aged according to the author's technology. For their preparation, red (black, blue) grape varieties are used, sometimes the drink is created on the basis of several different varieties.
Unlike white wine, red has a richer taste, a bright bouquet and a diverse range of flavors. In the world there are more than 4.5 thousand varieties of red product, each of which has individual flavor notes, unusual for other wines.
Did you know? In ancient Rome, women were not allowed to drink wine. For breaking such a rule, a husband could kill his wife with impunity.
Aperitifs, dessert and table - the most famous classification of "divine blood" (as the red wine called the red wine). Drinks are also classified according to the amount of sugar and alcohol in the composition. In addition, there are varietal, varietal and blended wines.Sepazhnuyu products are made from several grape varieties, varietal - from one variety. Blended wines are prepared by mixing several sorts of the drink after aging in barrels.
Red drinks are also divided into groups regarding the time of exposure and the conditions (rules, methods) of manufacture: young, without exposure, seasoned, branded, collectible, elite. Of course, each group is different in price, benefits, and taste. Experts note that natural red wine can be considered only in the event that it was eaten in barrels for at least six months.
In modern supermarkets you can see a variety of red wines, and at low prices. Such products, for the most part, are not natural, but are made on the basis of preservatives and dyes. 
True connoisseurs of red wine note that The most fragrant and popular wines among fans are:
- "Pinot Noir";
- Cabernet Sauvignon;
- "Chateau Malbec";
- "Merlot";
- "Chateau Margot";
- "Chateau Bordeaux".
Familiarize yourself with the history of appearance, characteristics and peculiarities of care for Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay grapes.
Various technologies, aging periods, grape varieties and other subtleties - all this makes winemakers masters in their work. And it is difficult for an uninitiated person to understand all this, because the world of red wine is a whole science.
Red wine composition
"Divine blood" is distinguished by a diverse range of beneficial substances, which together provide benefits for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. In the drink you can find monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, essential and non-essential amino acids, sterols, caffeine, theobromine, essential oils.
Vitamins
The composition of high-quality red drink includes the following vitamin compounds:
- Vitamin A (retinol, alpha and beta carotene, lycopene);
- Vitamin D;
- Vitamin E (alpha, beta, gamma and delta-tocopherol);
- Vitamin K (dihydrofillohinonon);
- Vitamin C;
- Vitamins of group B (B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B12, folic acid and folates);
- Vitamin H (biotin);
- Vitamin PP (nicotinamide).
Minerals
Minerals are presented in the form of macro - and micronutrients. Red wine contains the following minerals:
- magnesium, phosphorus, potassium;
- sulfur, silicon, calcium;
- sodium, chlorine;
Important! Drink alcohol moderately. And if you have any diseases, it would be advisable to consult a doctor.
- molybdenum, boron, zinc;
- manganese, copper, fluorine;
- iodine, iron, nickel;
- chrome, vanadium.
How many calories are in wine
Calorie red wine may vary depending on the amount of sugar in the composition. A good quality dry red drink contains 65 kcal (per 100 g of product). Calorie table varieties can vary from 76 to 110 kcal per 100 g. If you follow a strict diet, it is better to find out about the caloric content from the seller or read the label, since it (caloric value) depends on the red wine. 
Ratio BZHU
The ratio of proteins / fats / carbohydrates is presented in the following form (per 100 g of product):
- carbohydrates - 2.6 g;
- fats - 0.0 g;
- proteins - 0.07 g;
- water base - 86.56 g;
- alcohol - 10.5 g;
- ash - 0.29 g
Find out which grape varieties are suitable for making wine.
Is there any benefit?
A huge set of vitamins in the composition of the drink favorably affects the immune system: it is protection against pathogens, and the fight against internal pathologies, and the increase in activity and vitality. Vitamin A favorably affects the organs of vision and makes the skin more elastic, vitamin D strengthens bone tissue and stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, B vitamins promote normal nerve function, protect against stress and depression, improve the cardiovascular system. 
A rich set of minerals has a beneficial effect on all vital functions in the body. For example, without potassium and magnesium, the normal functioning of the heart and blood vessels is impossible. Iron is responsible for all hematopoietic mechanisms, prevents the development of anemia.
Red wine is also beneficial during various diets due to the presence of chromium in its composition, which is responsible for the synthesis of fatty acids in the body. The whole range of useful chemical compounds improves the gastrointestinal tract: it stimulates the digestive tract, normalizes the level of acidity, stabilizes the secretion of bile.
Did you know? The oldest bottle of “God's blood” is in the Palatinate Museum (Germany). Estimated spill date is 325 years n. erAntioxidants and bioflavonoids prevent premature aging of cells, cleanse the body of free radicals and heavy metal salts. In addition, the above substances minimize the risk of blood clots in the vessels. The drink also has a positive effect on the gums and oral cavity: heals microcracks, strengthens tooth enamel, kills pathogens.
All lovers of "divine blood" know that after just one glass, the mood improves significantly and night sleep is enhanced. It is thanks to all the above useful properties of red wine, it is very appreciated by residents of many countries, moreover, this drink is often used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many pathologies.Consider the nutritional value and beneficial properties of grapes.
Can I drink during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Red wine contains a lot of potassium, phosphorus, zinc, magnesium and calcium. All of these minerals should be regularly in the body of the future mother, because only in this case, the fetus will develop normally. However, these minerals are best obtained from food or dietary supplements, as the constant intake of alcoholic beverages in the "interesting" position can harm the fetus.
At all, Opinions of doctors about whether red wine is possible during pregnancy are divided. Some insist that 100 g of the drink 2-3 times a month will only benefit (in 2 and 3 trimesters), the second state that any alcoholic beverages are strictly contraindicated for future moms. In any case, on this occasion, it is better to consult a doctor.
Some women, after a categorical ban by a doctor of alcoholic beverages, turn to the services of non-alcoholic wine. However, one should first understand whether it is as useful as it may seem at first glance.
Experts note that non-alcoholic red drink contains no more than 0.5% alcohol. This is a completely safe alcohol indicator, if you do not take into account the fact that this drink may contain mold residues and various harmful substances.
Moreover, non-alcoholic wine has a short shelf life. If it comes to that, it is better to sip 20-30 g of natural red dry than to be content with non-alcoholic “half-toxin”.
During breastfeeding, everything is much easier. There are certain rules that should be followed:
- use only dry wine with a minimum amount of alcohol;
- child should be more than 3 months;
- Do not consume more than 150 ml of red wine per day;
- feed the baby only 3 hours after drinking a portion of alcohol.
Red wine damage
Above, we talked about the benefits and miraculous healing properties of red wine, but this does not mean that if such alcohol is consumed in large quantities, the benefits will also be huge. Experts note that this drink will strengthen the human body only if it is used in small doses during meals. And the drink should be of high quality, as cheap often contains a lot of preservatives and toxins. 
Important! Regular consumption of red drink in large doses leads to the development of chronic hypertension.
Harm from red wine comes in the event that a person uses it daily and in doses exceeding 500 g. By the way, women can harm even 2 times lower dosage. It is reliably known that excessive consumption of even such weak alcohol can lead to disruption of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, in addition, the liver is subjected to constant stress.
It is important to note that for some people it is generally better not to use red wine. Those who are prone to regular headaches, such a drink is contraindicated, since it contains tannin, which causes a spasm of cerebral vessels.
Tannin in small doses will not have a significant effect on a healthy person, but hypertensive people and migraine sufferers can immediately feel unpleasant pain in the back of the head and temples during the meal. Of course, the greatest harm to the body can only cause alcohol, which is among all the nutrients of the drink. It is because of alcohol that harm from red wine can be significant:
- the gradual development of hypertension, which can result in a heart attack or stroke;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- various forms of osteoporosis;
- cancer in the digestive tract;
- mental disorders.
Remember that the harm of this drink comes into effect only when a person begins to significantly exceed the recommended dose of use. Regular consumption of red wine in large quantities causes alcoholism, in which a person ceases to enjoy the aroma of the drink, and his goal is to dive into the world of hazy and confused thoughts against the background of alcoholic intoxication.Benefit and quality: how to choose the right natural product
Above, we have already said that the majority of wine products from supermarkets will bring absolutely no benefit to the body. The cost of quality products can not be lower than $ 40, and what is cheaper is most likely a mixture of water, alcohol and grape juice with dyes.
Did you know? In ancient Greece and Rome, wine was considered a currency for trading. The Greeks bought for the drink precious metals, the Romans - slaves.If you want to get only benefits from wine, then the product must be exclusively natural. A natural red drink costs a lot of money. Although not always the high price says about the quality of the drink.
To be completely confident in the quality of the consumed product, make wine from grapes, rose petals, black currants, plums, apples, raspberries, gooseberries at home. We also advise you to learn how to make wine from jam and compote.
Below we provide a list of rules that should guide the selection of high-quality red wine:
- Score. Again, do not buy elite alcohol in supermarkets or cheap bars. There are special wineries with natural products, in addition, in such institutions experienced consultants work who, if necessary, will tell you about the drink, as well as provide documents on it for the accuracy of their words.
- Label. All information should be listed on the bottle with alcohol. Look at the information about the manufacturer and the place of production (it should coincide with the place of growing grapes). Also, do not forget to look at the crop year, because if there is no such information on the label, then most likely you are dealing with a fake.
- Bottle. The important point - never buy wine in paper bags if you do not want to suffer from food poisoning. A self-respecting producer pours his alcohol only into darkened glass bottles.
- Bung. Do not buy products with a polymer stopper. Drinks with such corks are fake or bottled in the garage of some small town. Global brands of red wines clog their products exclusively with cork.
Wine storage rules
If you want to preserve the aroma and quality of red wine for a long time, you should follow these recommendations:
- Keep it away from sunlight or other sources of light.
- Storage temperature should be within + 10 ... +15 ° С.
- Humidity should be increased (within 80-85%). Otherwise, the cork will start to dry out and unwanted air will get into the bottle.
- The drink should be kept at rest. Sharp fluctuations, shaking and shifting from place to place can ruin the flavor range.
- After opening the bottle, it is better not to store wine for more than three days, since oxidation processes begin there.
- Expensive wines can be stored in the corked form for 5, 10, 20 and more years. It all depends on the brand.
Do the rules: how to get the maximum benefit
If you use a red drink for medicinal purposes, you should limit yourself to 50-100 g per day. The maximum allowable daily rate for men is 500 g, for women - 250-300 g. If you drink this alcohol a lot more, it will face serious consequences for the body in the form of poisoning, intoxication and headaches.
Important! It is forbidden to drink alcohol during drug therapy!It is important to understand that the maximum benefit from the drink can be obtained only if the norm is observed. In the moments of holidays and feasts it is allowed to drink the norms from the upper limits, but make sure that these norms are not repeated daily. In general, doctors believe that for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes this drink should be consumed no more than 2-3 times a week.
How to drink and what is combined with red wine
To maximize enjoy the use of this alcoholic beverage, you should choose the right snacks. It is important to understand that they should not interfere with you to taste the true flavor of "God's blood." The following products combine best with this drink:
- cheese;
- meat dishes without sharp, salty and spicy seasonings;
- fruits;
- ice cream and candy;
- fish (trout, tuna, salmon).
Also, do not forget about the rules of the use of fine drink: - Before use, be sure to inhale the aroma of a grape masterpiece several times. So your receptors will catch the bouquet and prepare to receive pleasure.
- Red wines must be served warmed up to a temperature of + 16 ... +18 ° С.
- The shape of the wine glass should be tulip-shaped or spherical.
- Red drink must be opened an hour before use. He must "breathe" and be filled with oxygen.
Another product of grape processing is raisins. Get acquainted with the secrets of making raisins at home.
Truth and fiction
Scientists have not yet reliably studied all the beneficial properties of red wine. The difficulty lies in the fact that there are many varieties of "God's blood", and each of the varieties is slightly different chemical composition and benefit, respectively. It is because of this that people often have disputes about the effect of a drink on pressure, heart function, gastrointestinal tract and weight loss. Next, we will discuss this in detail.
Heart benefit
О пользе данного напитка для сердца постоянно ведутся дискуссии в научных кругах. Одни заявляют о положительном влиянии, вторые убеждены во вреде такого напитка. Но давайте будем полагаться на факты. In 1979, the French scientist Ledger conducted a statistical study where he showed that the French are 3 times less likely to suffer from coronary heart disease. 
Scientists from other countries began to check Ledger's hypothesis, and after a long and careful work, the French data was confirmed.
From the above follows the fact that moderate consumption of red drink strengthens the heart muscle and improves its work. But we are talking only about the norm, that is, to get the benefit you should not drink more than 150-200 g of drink per day. High-quality red wine with reasonable use increases the level of "good" cholesterol by 12%. This leads to the fact that the risk of dying from a heart attack or stroke, which in most cases occur against the background of blockage of blood vessels due to cholesterol, is reduced by at least 7-8%.
A beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system affects the hellebore, chervil, oxalis, silver goof, colza, radish, corn, honey, leek, blueberry leaves.
If a person begins to exceed the norm, then the heart works excessively actively and quickly grows old, the vessels wear out, hypertension occurs, and, as a result, the person faces death from cardiovascular diseases. The result - always drink in moderation and only natural grape product.
Burning fat and replacing workouts
Recently, medical scientists from the United States revealed another useful property of red wine: it is able to burn calories when used correctly and moderately. The fact is that this drink contains a phenolic compound - resveratrol. This phenol is able to transform white adipose tissue into a useful brown adipose tissue. 
Did you know? An enologist is a person who specializes in the production of wines, the proper cultivation of grapes (including the selection of soil, fertilizers, etc.), the selection of water and the standardization of the drink itself.The experiment was conducted on mice. As a result, it was possible to establish that after several weeks of consuming “God's blood” the mice lost 40% of white adipose tissue. In addition, they have decreased the level of "bad" cholesterol by 12% (also tested in humans). To achieve these indicators, a person needs to exercise regularly or simply use natural red wine in moderation.
Cancer protection
And again, scientists from the United States tried, who after many years of research confirmed that rapamycin, which is contained in red wine, is able to slow down and even stop the growth of cancer cells. The data were confirmed in laboratory studies, but over time it turned out that tumors become resistant to the effects of rapamycin. Here the above described phenol - resveratrol comes to the rescue. It does not allow cancer cells to acquire resistance to rapamycin, moreover, it increases the activity of the latter. 
Dr. Charis Young from Cleveland (USA) states that women with cancer of the mammary glands should drink 1-2 glasses of red drink a day. Young has reliably established the fact that it is in breast cancer that rapamycin paired with resveratrol are actively combating the neoplasm and significantly inhibiting the growth and development of cancer cells.
Effect on pressure
In this case, everything is rather ambiguous. First of all, you should understand the mechanism of human blood pressure. The level of blood pressure controls the brain: if blood enters the brain in an excessive amount, then a signal is given to reduce pressure, if the blood circulation is insufficient or difficult, the brain gives a signal to the kidneys, which retain fluid and release adrenaline (adrenal function), which narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure .
The brain thus protects itself from hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and other pathologies. So, if you drink a little red wine with a low level of blood pressure, the vessels will expand and the pressure will drop even lower. But this is just a scientific theory, and the reaction of each organism is individual, so you should rely on the fact that a little wine does not harm even with blood pressure at the level of 90/60 (but it is better to consult a doctor before use). 
High blood pressure greatly overloads the blood vessels and the heart. Some people, whose knowledge in medicine is far from the required minimum, tend to assume that 0.5 liters of wine with a blood pressure of 160 ... 170/100 will relax the cardiovascular system. And here they are right only up to a certain point.
Initially, the drink will expand blood vessels, spasms will go away and the level of blood pressure will drop by 20-30 or even 40 mm Hg. Art. But what happens next: the liver begins to actively process alcohol, as the rate of alcohol consumed has been exceeded, intoxication begins, a spasm of blood vessels occurs and, as a result, the level of blood pressure rises sharply. Moreover, if prior to the use of wine, the blood pressure was 160/100, then in 5-6 hours it is likely to increase to 180 ... 190/110. And this already has serious health consequences.
Important! Cheap wine of poor quality can cause headaches (migraine) even after consuming a small dose!
This was all said to the fact that hypotensive and hypertensive, you can drink red wine in an amount that would not cause alcohol intoxication and the so-called hungover syndrome. That is, such people can drink 50-70 g of wine at lunch and the same at dinner. If the amount is exceeded, the brain ceases to properly regulate the work of the vessels and blood pressure jumps begin.
As for stabilization of high or low pressure (bringing it back to normal), which is spoken about so loudly in various forums, if you use a little red wine 3-4 times a week, then blood pressure can really return to normal: thanks to vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other beneficial substances. But be careful, this fact has not yet been fully proven by world scientists.
Contraindications to the use
Red wine is contraindicated in the following diseases or pathologies:
- chronic or acute liver damage;
- stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer;
- allergic reactions and individual intolerance to the body of alcohol;
- pancreatitis;
- increased acidity of the stomach;
- asthma.
