Altynai apples are an excellent solution for growing in regions with relatively cold climate.
The tasty fruits of these unpretentious apple trees will not only delight you in the high season, but will kept all winter.
What kind is it?
Altynai - winter variety characterized by good winter hardiness. Apple trees withstand fairly low temperatures and winters well regions with a sharply continental climate type. For the winter (in especially cold regions) require a shelter.
Recommended for planting and cultivation in the West Siberian region and the Urals. Actually, in these places the variety Altynai was first bred. Apple trees are adapted to high soil moisture and low air temperatures.
The winter varieties also belong to Antey, Wintergushka, Snowdrop, Utes and Stroyevsky.
Appearance
The external characteristics of the apple and its fruit will be considered separately.
Apple trees are formed by a single-trunk tree. Moderate, but under adverse conditions do not grow above 2 meters.
The crown is neat, rounded, it rarely needs to be formed artificially. The bark is light gray with dark spots and stripes.
Apples usually not very large. The average mass of Altynaya fruits usually fluctuates around 70-80 grams.
The apples themselves are round, slightly flattened at the top and bottom. The skin is very thin white flesh with green veins, fine grain. Apples have pinkish red. The color of the fruit is continuous with sparse stripes.
Altynay apples have excellent taste properties: sweet and sour taste and juicinesspeculiar to winter varieties of apples, allow you to cook from them jam, jam and other delicacies.
Veteran, Daughter of Pepinchik, Yantar, Orlov and Medunits are also suitable for making homemade preparations.
Breeding history
In 1965, an experiment was conducted at NIISS named after Lisavenko on the crossing of popular at that time Siberian apple varieties: Altai velvet and Phoenix altai. The experience was successful, breeders got cold-resistant apple trees with late-ripening fruits of excellent taste. However, this variety was officially entered into the register only in 1999, which is why it is still not very popular among Russian gardeners.
Natural growth region
By the name it becomes clear that the "native land" Altynay - Altai region.
West Siberian open spaces with heavy marshy soils and a typical climate for these areas are the best conditions for apple trees of this variety.
Altynai is suitable for growing in the regions of Central Russia and northern areas country.
Some gardeners successfully harvest from these apples in Primorsky Krai. South areas - the most unfavorable place for this variety.
Growing Altynai in the south is necessary in the open, providing shading only from the sunny side.
It is also necessary that the tree well blown by the wind.
Among the Altai varieties are widely known such as Gorno-Altai, Altai Rumyan, Altai Crimson.
Yield
Apple trees begin to bear fruit in the 5th year after the seed emergence. Picking apples start in the second half of September.
The average yield of apple trees (30 kg from one adult tree) is considered regular. Collect the fruit once a year.
With proper collection, neat transportation and packing of apples stored for about 3 months. Especially thrifty gardeners will be able to enjoy the fruits of Altynaya even in March!
Good yields can boast of such varieties of apple trees: Bratchud, Carpet, Glory to the Victors, Streamer and Scarlet Early.
Planting and care
In order for Altynai apple tree to bear fruit well, many factors need to be taken into account, such as the right choice of place, time, soil, and of course timely care.
Before planting the seedling pit must be prepared in advance.
Choose open spaceif you live in a region with warm climateand maximally closedif the apple tree grows in the cold area.
The pit is dug, removing the upper fertile layer of soil in one direction, and the rest in the other. The diameter of the pit - from the meter, approximately the depth 60-80 centimeters (pay attention to the length of the roots).
It is better to fill the roots with fertile soil collected nearby using a sharp shovel.
Before installing the seedling in the pit, the soil should be plentifully shed with slightly warm water. At the bottom of the pit, make a small tubercle of old leaves, humus, good soil and mineral fertilizers. Spread the roots on the knoll and cover it with earth. Make sure to root collar was above the soil.
In apple trees of this type, it is not necessary to clean the crust and loosen, weed the root patch of soil.
Some gardeners even practice planting special plants (for example, baled garden strawberries) around an apple tree so that the soil is closed. This protects the roots from temperature extremes.
Watering only required in the first half of the snowless season. Stop it after the fruit tie and produce only in especially dry periods. Usually for apple trees Enough natural moisturizing.
If your region is characterized by cold winters with sharp temperature fluctuations, for the winter cover the area at the roots with old blankets and dry foliage, and the trunk and young whitewash branches and wrap thick toilet paper.
Spring needs spraying the whole crown. weak urea solution (0.05%).
You can watch a video with tips on growing apples and apple care from Oktyabrina Ganichkina.
Diseases and pests
//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html - The most common disease among apple trees and other fruit trees. Small growths on brown or light green fruits disfigure apples. The causative agent of the disease is a special fungus.
Altynay is highly resistant to scab, which is why it is gaining popularity among gardeners in Central Russia.
However, in this barrel of honey there is a fly in the ointment - susceptibility to moniliosis. it fruit rotwhich develops by reason fungal infection.
If an apple tree is infected with moniliasis, 60% of the fruit will be spoiled, and if you do not collect the rest in time, then even more. Apples from an infected tree are poorly stored, quickly rot.
To effectively fight you need trim affected branches and smear the cuts with garden pitch. On diseased branches there are usually a lot of affected fruits, black leaves. Cut parts of the plant must be burned away from the site. During the growing season, apple trees need to be processed. fungicides.
Mealy dew - One of the evils of all fruit trees. Usually it infects the entire garden, not even sparing bush plants: currants, gooseberries. This disease is also characteristic of Altynai apple trees.
The ends of the shoots begin to bend, dry and become covered with white bloom, like flour. The same thing happens with the leaves and the ovaries. To rid the garden of adversity, it is necessary spraying all plants and even the soil around them 2% solution of colloidal sulfur.
Do not forget about insect pests. The apple moth, the fruit sapling, the mining moth, the hawthorn, and the silkworms can do much harm. What preventive measures against them should be taken in the individual materials of our site.
Altynai is a great variety of apples for regions with a relatively cold climate. Resistant to scab, winter-hardy, fruits are stored for a very long time. It does not require special care, but in good conditions it pleases with an abundance of delicious apples!
