The processing of quail after slaughter is time consuming and not very fast. Today, there are many types of equipment that mechanizes and accelerates plucking. Perosёmnuyu machine for quail can be done by hand or purchase one of the industrial models. To make a choice, it is necessary to compare different machines, their principle of operation and performance.
Principle of operation
The working part is a rotating cylinder; on its surface at an equidistant distance from each other there are bilny fingers. On centrifugal models, they are located inside the hollow cylinder. On machine tools and nozzles for a drill, the fingers are attached to the shaft, which, while rotating, does the work.
The fingers are made of food rubber and are a cone with a spiral or bumpy surface. The main objective of this surface is to hook and remove the pen.
Read more about the benefits of quail meat and eggs.
The unit is driven by a single-phase motor that rotates the drum using a belt drive. The contact between the feathers and the finger fingers is due to water, which is the working fluid. Therefore, before starting work, the bird is dipped into the water. 
Classification perosemnyh machines
Perosemnye machines are divided into household and industrial. The main difference between them - the size, method of feeding the carcass and sorting.
Machines used in small farms are divided into:
- household;
- machine tools;
- centrifugal.
The most common is a centrifugal machine, which is a cylinder with rubber fingers, projections. It can be additionally equipped with a device for draining water and feathers, an automated wetting system, a control device that regulates the processing speed.
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Usually the installation is fully automated and does not require human intervention. The machine model is represented by a shaft on which a drum with mobile fingers is attached. During operation, the operator must keep the processed carcass next to the working bodies for removing the pen. 
Household models are represented by nozzles on the drill. They are made in the same style as the machine drum, but have a smaller size. Well suited for small private farms with a periodic need for processing carcasses.
Find out how quail slaughter occurs at home.
Centrifuge
The installation is similar to a top-loading washing machine and consists of:
- cylinder (drum);
- motor;
- Platform with a tray to drain the water.
The carcass rotating in the drum touches the fingers, the surface of which clings to the feathers and plucks them out. Plucking occurs under the influence of friction. In the process of work, the carcass is poured with water from a ladle in order to wash away remote feathers. 
In the lower part of the structure there is a tray on which water and feathers flow down. At the end of processing, the finished product is removed from the switched off machine, the adhered feather is washed off. Depending on the size, several quails can be loaded into the unit at a time. The centrifugal model can process up to 600 carcasses per hour.
Important! For effective plucking, the carcass must be treated with hot water, dipping it into water and removing it from the water about 10 times. It improves feather wetting.
Machine tool
The machine model consists of:
- the shaft on which the drum is fixed;
- electric drive.
The length of the shaft may be different. The number of fingers - from 48, depending on the size of the installation, which is mounted on the carrier frame. The carcass is fed to the shaft and held by the operator during processing. 
The disadvantage of this device is the pollution of the surrounding area with a pen during operation. To avoid this, a special steel or plastic casing is installed around the shaft. Such models are not very convenient for processing small quails.
We advise you to read about how to keep laying quails, how to feed them, and also when the period of egg production in quail comes and how many eggs it carries per day.
Household
Perosemnaya nozzle on the drill consists of a shaft with a small drum attached to it. Mounted on a drill or screwdriver. It is driven by a rotating drill chuck. In the process, only 1 carcass can be plucked simultaneously.
Consists of:
- centered metal drum;
- set of finger fingers.
The length of fingers for quails is 5 cm, for chickens and geese it is 9 cm. Their number on the nozzle is 12-24. Form of placement - in the form of "five" on the knuckle of dominoes. 
Quail processing time with the nozzle - 30 sec., Chicken - 1.5 minutes. The attachment has an inevitable limitation: it can handle only 1 carcass at a time.
Familiarize yourself with the description and peculiarities of the content of such quail breeds as Chinese painted, Manchu golden, Pharaoh, Japanese, Texas and Estonian.
Models of popular cars
Among the perosemnoe equipment there are devices of Italian, German, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian and other manufacturers. Any model has both advantages and disadvantages.
The most common advantages of foreign devices are:
- high-quality certified components;
- structural strength;
- durability of the device;
- reliability of electronics.
The main disadvantage of foreign models is the price. It can pay off only when operating in a large farm. In addition, the owner will not be able to use the manufacturer’s warranty service, since most of them do not create special service centers. Therefore, ordering parts may be a problem. 
The modern market is saturated with various machines and the advantages of European analogues are not their special prerogative. It is also possible to choose a domestic quality model.
Important! In order not to tear the skin of the bird during processing, use the installation with soft rubber fingers.
NT 300
The permeable machine NT 300 is used for quails, chickens and other small domestic birds.
Technical characteristics of the model:
- dimensions - 320x320x570 mm;
- drum diameter - 300 mm;
- net weight - 10 kg;
- the time spent on 1 bird - 20-30 seconds;
- for one load is processed - 1-6 quails;
- connects to the mains with a voltage of 220 V;
- production - Volgaselmash, Russia.
The advantages of the model are:
- High-quality components. The cylinder is made of stainless steel, which increases its reliability and durability.
- The device has good cleaning performance - up to 98%.
- The manufacturer provides a one-year service.
Important! The socket must be at least 1 meter away from the machine and above the operating drum. Mandatory installation of automatic protection and grounding.
NT 400
Perosёmnaya machine NT 400 provides removal of feathers of medium and small birds - quail, chickens, ducks. The distance between the rubber fingers is optimal for ensuring high-quality removal of the feather cover. Installation is easy to maintain, wash and disinfect. 
Technical information:
- dimensions - 560х560х850 mm;
- equipped with a drum with a diameter of 400 mm;
- plucking time - 10-20 seconds;
- 3-10 quails are processed per load;
- gear motor - 1.1 kW;
- connects to the mains with a voltage of 220 V;
- production - Volgaselmash, Russia.
It will also be useful for you to learn how to make a feeding trough, a drinking trough and a brooder for quails, as well as how to build a quail shed with your own hands.
The advantages of the model are:
- The body and the drum are made of stainless steel. The device has good cleaning performance - up to 98%.
- Very easy to use and very good performance.
- The manufacturer guarantees free repair of the unit for 12 months, and also provides after-sales service.
T600mm
The automatic tapering machine T600mm is used to process all poultry and game birds. Designed to handle medium-sized carcasses. Performance - at least 100 carcasses per hour. 3 carcasses can be loaded simultaneously.
Did you know? Quail eggs are useful for children to improve their physical and mental development. Japanese students must eat 2 quail eggs before classes.
Technical information:
- dimensions - 750x750x1050 mm;
- equipped with a drum with a diameter of 600 mm;
- installation weight - 73 kg;
- gear motor - 2.2 kW;
- connects to the mains with a voltage of 220 V.
Sprut-1000
Perosyomny machine "Sprut-1000" is used to remove the feather from all agricultural birds. Very easy to operate and maintain. High-quality components guarantee durability and reliability of work.
Technical information:
- dimensions - 960х1000х1070 mm;
- equipped with a drum with a diameter of - 1000 mm;
- net weight - 71 kg;
- productivity for quails and chickens - 1000 pieces per hour, for geese and other large birds - about 200 pieces;
- one-time loading of small birds - 20-25 pieces, large - about 5 pieces;
- power is 1,5 kW;
- works from a network of 380 V, a possibility of equipment under the usual power supply network - under the order.
Frame material - metal painted profile. Drum material - food grade polypropylene. The possibility of using the material in the food industry is confirmed by a hygienic certificate. 
There is an unloading tray for removal of bird plumage. In the presence of the engine speed control unit.
The advantage is the possibility of retrofitting the device with auxiliary elements:
- irrigation system with automatic start;
- reception table for processing carcasses.
Did you know? Quail eggs do not spoil, because they contain lysozyme - an amino acid that prevents the development of pathogenic microflora. The ability of lysozyme to destroy the shell of bacterial cells allows it to fight against cancer cells.
We make a perosyamny car by the hands
For a private farmstead with a small herd, buying a perosuning machine may be impractical. If you decide to make such a unit with your own hands, you will need a set of parts and a power tool for assembly. The best solution would be to create a perosunnoy machine based on the old washing machine - baby. 
To create a centrifuge model are needed:
- cylinder or round container;
- the bottom for the cylinder, made of a metal plate;
- bilny fingers;
- the foundation;
- engine.
The cylinder can be made independently, being guided by the following parameters:
- The cylinder is made of plastic or steel. It should be easy to clean and durable.
- Diameter - about 70 cm.
- Height - about 80 cm.
Such dimensions will provide the possibility of placing the carcass of a large bird and several carcasses of small individuals. But you can choose other sizes that optimally match the processed raw materials. Fingers are not made by themselves, so they are purchased in the store as a set. On average, they need to accommodate about 250-300 pieces. 
Size can be calculated on:
- quail - the diameter of the bore 10 mm, length 50 mm;
- chickens, turkeys, ducks - diameter 20 mm, length 90 mm.
The engine is better placed near the base for mounting the working cylinder. This will increase the stability of the installation and reduce the likelihood of skin damage during processing.
Instructions for creating cars:
- The working framework is welded or assembled for construction. It can be made of metal angle or wood. For the above dimensions, the platform must be at least 90x90 cm.
- The design should be provided by a 1-1.5 kW electric motor, which is connected to the cylinder head with a belt drive. The engine is installed on the platform.
- On the working cylinder holes are drilled for fastening the bil fingers. The diameter of the hole can be 9 or 19 mm, for fingers with a diameter of 10 or 20 mm.
- On the bottom for the cylinder are drilled the same holes. The diameter of the holes must be such that the fingers do not fall out during the blows of the carcass on them. The holes are made in rows with the distance between adjacent fingers - 3 cm. The bottom row of cylinder bores must be higher than the ends of the bottom fingers. The distance from the last row at the bottom to the edge of the disc should also be at least 50 mm.
- Fingers are set in the holes. To improve glide, they can be oiled before insertion.
- The bottom of the cylinder is mounted on the axis of the platform and connected to the engine.
Whichever variant of the shifting machine you decide to use on the farm, first of all pay attention to the power of the installed engine: it should provide a rotation speed of about 1,400 revolutions per minute.
Important! If the model is made from an old washing machine, you can use the drain hole to drain the water and the pen while the unit is running.
More important is the strength and durability of the case, the electrical parameters of the design. And, subject to simple rules, perosemna machine will be a great helper to the farmer, saving time and ensuring high-quality processing of large poultry.
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