Unfortunately, warm and rainy weather favors not only plant growth. Various insect pests are activated, in particular the whitefly.
There are popular methods of dealing with it, but they do not always help, and then chemicals come to help - insecticides.
Next, tell you what kind of insect, what harm from it. When and why does it appear. And also, what are the methods of control and prevention.
Who is this?
This is a small sucking insect, similar to a mole, about 1.5–3 mm long, with two pairs of white wings covered with a powdery coating. Whitefly larvae look for a place suitable for feeding on the lower surface of the leaf, attach themselves to it and pierce the leaf to get to the juicy pulp. Adults also feed on leaf sap.
What hurts?
This small insect causes great harm to many plants, especially in the greenhouse:
- pierces with its proboscis a leaf of a plant, can infect an wound;
- promotes the development of soot fungi that form black plaque and lead to the death of the leaf;
- weakens the plant and violates its photosynthesis, the leaves turn yellow, curl, and may even completely die out.
How to find out that she lives on indoor flowers?
On the upper side of the leaves there is a sticky shiny bloom (honeydew) - these are waste products of the whitefly. Soot fungi develop on this raid - visible as black spots. If you shake the leaves, a swarm of small white insects will fly up from them.
Causes of
Whiteflies appear in the garden under the following conditions:
- Warm (from 15 ° C and above) and wet weather. If the temperature drops below 10 ° C, insects and larvae die, but the eggs remain.
- Thickened landing with the impossibility of airing.
- Ground contaminated with larvae.
Drugs to fight
For the destruction of insects use special chemicals - insecticides:
- intestinal - penetrate into the body of an insect with the juice of plants;
- contact - get through the skin;
- systemic - make plants poisonous to insects, entering the roots, leaves and vessels;
- fumigants - penetrate into the respiratory tract of insects.
There are many varieties of insecticides against whitefly, most of them are systemic, contact-intestinal action.
Important! When using almost all drugs, you must wear a protective suit, mask or respirator on the face and rubber gloves. Wash hands after work with soap and water.
Tanrek
Water-soluble concentrate, sold in 1-1.5 ml ampoules, 10, 50, 100 ml bottles and 1 l cans. Price: from 12-15 rubles per ampoule to 250-280 rubles per bottle.
It acts on the nervous system of insects, causing paralysis and death.
Preparation of the solution and processing
- Dissolve the required amount of Tanrek in 1 liter of cold water, then bring to the required volume.
- To the drug better stick to the leaves, you can add to the solution of liquid soap.
- Prepare the solution sprayed plants using a spray.
The solution must be spent within two days. Tanrek is absorbed within 2 hours in the stems and leaves, striking most of the larvae of the whitefly. The rest die in 3-5 days. The effectiveness of the drug retains for 3 weeks on the leaves and stems, up to six months - in the soil.
Pros:
- acts quickly, after precipitation is not washed off;
- protects the plant for a long time, so you can restrict a single treatment.
The minus is poisonous for humans and bees.
Most insecticides against whitefly reduce efficacy in the sun.therefore it is better to spray the plants in cloudy weather.
Teppek
Water-soluble granules in plastic bottles of 0.14; 0.25; 0.5; 1 kg. Price: from 2700 rubles for 0.14 kg to 9000 rubles for 0.5 kg.
On a note. It penetrates inside the leaves and quickly spreads through them, the infected insects and their larvae stop feeding and die.
Preparation of the solution and processing
The procedure is the same as for Tanrek. It starts to act in half an hour after spraying., insects continue to die for 5 days. When processing it is necessary to be guided by the forecast - if it rains in the coming hours, the drug will cease to act.
The duration of the poisoning effect is a month. You can handle up to 3 times per season at intervals of at least a week.
Pros:
- high-speed;
- low consumption rates;
- low environmental impact, low hazard to bees.
Minus - efficiency depends on weather conditions.
Fitoderm
This insecticide contains waste products of soil microorganisms. Sold in the form of an emulsion in ampoules of 2, 4, 10 ml, in bottles of 400 ml and 5 l canisters.
The composition has a sticky substance that helps keep Fitoverm on the plant. Price: from 10 rubles per pack of 2 ml to 2,700 rubles for 5 l.
As a result of treatment with Fitoverm, whiteflies and their larvae stop feeding and die.
Preparation of the solution and processing
- The solution is prepared in the same way as from Tanrek.
- Spray, evenly wetting the leaves, in dry, warm (20-25 ° C) and calm weather for 8-10 hours before watering or the expected rain.
After 6-12 hours after treatment, the nutrition of whiteflies stops, after 2-3 days they die. Efficiency lasts up to three weeks.
Pros:
- does not pollute the environment, quickly collapsing in water and soil;
- it is possible to collect fruits in 2 days after spraying.
Minuses:
- when the air temperature drops to 15-17 ° C and after rain, toxicity is significantly reduced;
- dangerous for bees;
- strong odor.
Important! Most insecticides used against whitefly are dangerous for bees, so they are recommended to be used during the hours when these insects do not fly - in the morning before 10 o'clock or in the evening after 18 o'clock.
It is undesirable to process plants during flowering. In agricultural enterprises, the use of insecticides is allowed at a distance of no closer than 4-5 km from bee hives.
Confidor
Water-soluble granules in bags of 1 and 5 g or in bottles of 500 g Price: from 27 r per 1 g to 12 000 r per pound. It affects the nervous system of the whitefly, causing paralysis and death.
Preparation of the solution and processing
Dissolve 1-2 g of the drug in 100 ml of water.- Then the resulting solution is diluted in a bucket of water.
- Spray the plants.
Dissolve 1-2 g of the drug in 100 ml of water.The finished product can not be stored, must be used for one treatment. It begins to act after an hour, the strongest effect - on the second day after application. Efficiency persists from 2 weeks to a month.
Pros:
- continues to act even after rain, resistant to flushing;
- can be used in hot weather;
- non toxic to surrounding plants.
Minus - dangerous for bees.
Aktara
Water-soluble granules in packs from 4 g to 1 kg. Price: from 120 rubles for 4 g to 2350-3100 rubles for 250 g and 11,700 for 1 kg.
The larva of the whitefly in the process of feeding affects, penetrating into the leaves and stalks of plants through the vessels, and does not enter the fruit.
Preparation of the solution and processing
The granules are dissolved in warm water (8 g per 10 l). Apply Aktaru not only for spraying on the leaves (protective effect - 15-30 days), but also for irrigation under the root (40-60 days in the soil on the larvae of the whitefly). The strongest toxic effect is from 20 hours to 3 days after treatment.
Pros:
- keeps efficiency at a bright sun and after a rain;
- practically does not smell;
- no danger to humans or animals.
Less - addictive occurs when repeated treatments.
Actellic
The emulsion concentrate in ampoules of 2 ml or in cans of 5 liters. Price: from 220 rubles per 50 ml bottle to 17,500 rubles for a 5 l canister.
This insecticide has both enteric-contact (in the process of feeding) and fumigant (vapors of the drug fall on insect chitin integument) action. It penetrates deep into the leaves, stalks and fruits.
Preparation of the solution and processing
The contents of the ampoule are thoroughly mixed with 100 ml of water.- Then diluted to the required amount.
- Sprayed with a spray bottle.
The contents of the ampoule are thoroughly mixed with 100 ml of water.You can use only freshly prepared solution. The drug begins to act very quickly - after 10 minutes and lasts up to 6 hours. Toxicity persists up to 2 weeks. You can re-spray the plants after a week.
Plus - due to the double action can get into hard to reach places.
Minuses:
- strong odor;
- reduced toxicity after rain;
- do not collect fruit within 3 weeks after treatment;
- dangerous for bees.
Aplaud
This is a contact insecticide with an additional fumigant action in the form of powder in packs of 500 g. Drug price: 2400 rubles for 500 g.
Getting into the body of the whitefly larvae, negatively affects the formation of chitin, as a result there is no molting and the larvae die. Also prevents the removal of caterpillars from eggs.
Preparation of the solution and processing
Prepare the same as Tanrek. Acts on the larvae not immediately - within a week. It is necessary to spray in 2 weeks after the appearance of adult whitefly - just at this time the larvae hatch. Toxicity persists up to 25 days. It is possible to carry out repeated processing in a month.
Pros:
- does not cause addiction to pests;
- has an additional toxic effect when evaporated from the leaves;
- safe for humans, domestic animals, surrounding plants, bees and fish.
Minus - high price.
Biotlin
Aqueous concentrate in ampoules of 3-9 ml. Price: from 20 rubles for 3 ml to 75 rubles for 9 ml.
The principle of operation is the same as that of Tanrek and Confidor. (same active ingredient).
Preparation of the solution and processing
Prepare the same as Aplaud.
Important! Use only freshly prepared solution.
Spray the leaves from the outside and the inside, as well as the stems or stems 6 hours before watering. Whiteflies begin to die after 2 hours, the period of the greatest activity of Biotlin - up to 3 days. The protective effect of the drug lasts up to 20 days.
Pros:
- quick action;
- not addictive.
The minus is dangerous for beneficial insects: bees and earthworms, as well as for fish.
Glue traps
These are sheets of yellow plastic with dimensions 25 × 40 cm, on which a special entomological glue is applied on both sides. Price: 80 rubles per sheet.
Attach over plants at a height of 20 cm (1 trap per 10 sq. M) at the beginning of the growing season, as they grow, they outweigh the height. Insects are attracted to the bright color of plastic, they fly to the trap and stick to it.
Pros:
- low price;
- ease of use.
Minus - non-directional action.
Benzyl benzoate
This agent (20% emulsion) is sold in a regular pharmacy (used as a scouring agent). Price: for 200 ml 134 rubles.
Preparation of the solution and processing
- One tablespoon (20-50 ml) diluted in 1 liter of water.
- Spray the leaves on both sides.
On a note. Re-processing is not required.
Learn more about how to get rid of the whitefly on indoor plants, described here, and in this article you can learn about how to combat this insect on the site or in the greenhouse.
Preventive measures
Do not need to use chemicals if:
- do not thicken the landing;
- provide airing plants;
- Do not spray with water-soluble fertilizers in wet weather;
- promote plant health with biostimulants and fertilizers.
Conclusion
There are many drugs against whitefly, they are all quite effective, but, unfortunately, often harmful to the environment. Therefore, they should be used and disposed of strictly according to the instructions.
