China is considered the birthplace of pears, now the heavenly king produces more than 50% of all these fruits. The pear has been known for a long time, since prehistoric times, but its modern look is the work of breeders.
Pear belongs to the genus Pirus family of pink, it is ornamental and fruit trees and shrubs. It grows, mainly in the northern hemisphere, in its southern and middle latitudes. Below the equator, on an industrial scale, it is grown only in Argentina.
About 60 species of pears are known, among them the majority of wild-growing trees. The pear fell to Russia in the Middle Ages, from Poland, and the name used so far, stuck, stuck.
In our country it grows in the southern regions, in the middle zone and in the Far East, varieties have been developed for some regions of Siberia. In terms of ripening pear is divided into early, medium and late varieties, often consumed pear summer, autumn and winter.
Further in the article, the description and description of the pear variety in memory of Yakovlev, the responses of the candidate of agricultural sciences Isaev RD. and the photo on which you will see what the pear looks like and find out when this wonderful variety matures.
What kind of pears refers?
In memory of Yakovlev, this is an autumn pear variety, obtained by crossing the Tyoma varieties with the French Olivier de Serres.
Autumn pear varieties include: Tatiana, Talgar Beauty, Fairy Tale, Silent Don and Otradnenskaya.
Seedlings can easily be purchased in nurseries. It is a skoroplodny universal grade with high yields and excellent scab resistance.
Included in the State Register on Central, Central Black Earth and Middle Volga regions.
Breeding history
A serious attitude to the cultivation of new varieties of pears in Russia began with the work of Academician Michurin IV, before him this business was in the hands of individual lovers.
Under Michurin, the breeding of new varieties of various plants received state support. P.N. Yakovlev his student, with his name is associated with the emergence of several varieties of pears: "Favorite Yakovlev", "Autumn Yakovlev".
He began work on breeding this variety, his son finished, hence the name. Pear Memory Yakovlev obtained in VNIIS them Michurin, grown mainly in the middle zone of the country, further description of the variety and photo of the fruit.
Description varieties Memory Yakovlev
The tree is small, growing rapidly, of medium thickness, with a round crown, bark gray. The main shoots grow parallel to the ground. The tree gives many shoots, they are of medium thickness.
Kidney conical, smooth, large sub-renal pillow. Leaves small, green. Flowers white, in the inflorescence of 4-6 petals.
The fruits are average, the finished ones are sunny in color with a slight addition of orange. Pear juicy, sweet, small grains.
Fruits are used in food raw, they are excellent raw materials for making jam and compote, they are easily transported.
Tree bears fruits on the 4th year of planting, on the 7th year gives a big crop. The small growth of the trees makes it possible to compact the planting in order to obtain a harvest of beautiful fruits from a smaller area.
January, Yakovlevskaya, Chudesnitsa, Bere Russkaya and Tonkovetka can boast with high yields.
Pear Memory Yakovlev, a complete description of the characteristics of which you will learn later in the article, endures the winter, rarely freezes. The variety grows in any soil, but prefers loam with the presence of groundwater.
A photo
Photos of the tree and fruit of the pear In memory of Yakovlev:
Specifications
Pear Memory Yakovlev self-infantile and skoroplodny a variety, it is itself a pollinator for other garden plants, which ripen in autumn, winter hardy, resistant to scab and other typical diseases of fruit plants, gives a good harvest.
There are no serious flaws.
ATTENTION! In arid breeding areas, the variety needs regular watering.
Watch the video with candidate reviews C.-X. Sciences Isaev Roman Dmitrievich about pear Memory of Yakovlev, then you will learn about how the planting and care.
Planting and care
Saplings planted in spring or autumn, in April or in October. In the first year you can do without fertilizers, but seedlings need to be watered.
If the seedlings are planted in clay soil, for good growth of the plant, add peat, river sand or compost to the soil.
IMPORTANT! For the landing they make a pit with a depth of 80-90 cm and a radius of about one meter. You can not plant a number of sunflower or corn, these cultures take nutrients from the soil.
Additional pollinator for pear Memory Yakovlev is not needed, the variety is self-fertile.
In March, engaged in trimming wood, remove some old branches and shorten the remaining ones, do it to limit the growth of the wood, besides pruning leads to the formation of new buds. Remove branches with old flower buds.
In April, spraying of wood is performed, protection from pests, the procedure can be carried out twice. The first time during the blooming of buds, the second, at the beginning of the appearance of the flower. Preparations Inta-Vir, Strobe and Fury will protect the plant.
In May, the plant is fed. Urea is best suited.
In the summer, mowing up grown grass and watering, especially with a lack of rain.
In the fall in September, it is desirable to whiten the trunks, when possible wounds on the tree cover them with red leadThis will protect the pear from disease and help in the winter cold.
In November, the soil around the pear must be fed. Compost, lime, ash are suitable for this purpose.
Pear will thank for the care.
Diseases and pests
Variety Memory Yakovlev resistant to most diseases of pear trees, further description
//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html pears. This disease causes a fungus, it affects the whole tree.
It is easy to determine if a tree hurts, if brown spots appear on some leaves, it is a scab. The disease often occurs due to rainy weather.
The best means of struggle is the prevention, pruning, feeding of a tree. If the disease has come, then the main method of fighting spraying Bordeaux liquid.
This must be done several times. The first spraying is carried out before the appearance of the leaves, the second, immediately after the abscission of the flower, then after three weeks.
ATTENTION! Spraying the tree, you can not burn the leaves on the trees. If the disease has developed greatly, then spraying can be done up to six times per season. In the autumn, spray the tree with ammonium nitrate solution.
Resistance to scab have Moscow Early, Orlovskaya Beauty, Oryol Summer, Elegant Efimova and Marble.
White leaf spot. This disease is also caused by a fungus, white or gray spots are formed on the leaves, they turn yellow, then fall. Treatment with Bordeaux liquid helps to cope with the disease. Spray the tree should be before flowering, after 12-14 days, repeat processing.
Fruit rot. Pathogens: mushroom, goose beetle. The disease affects the fruit, spots of drilling color first appear, they dry and fall. Fallen fruits are harvested and deeply buried in the ground, they are treated with Bordeaux liquid.
Black cancer The bark of the tree is affected by the fungus, it cracks, darkens, then dies off, and the tree dries out.
Regularly whitewash the trunk, treat with solutions against scab, sore areas of the bark are washed with copper sulphate, coated with garden pitch.
Pests. The main pest of the pear is the aphid, a small insect that infects the leaves and shoots. Aphid sucks the juice of the plant.
Spraying the main method of struggle, use karbofos and kovikurt, spend spraying several times. You can use solutions of garlic and dandelion, use soap.
Pear sucker. Insect, lays eggs in the bark and leaves of the tree. The tree grows slowly, the fruits ripen small, the taste is lost. Spray several times a season with soap or garlic solution.
Pear mite A small insect lays eggs in the bark and leaves of a tree, sucks the plant sap, it dries out. To destroy the pest spend processing solution of colloidal sulfur.
Pear moth. Insect, eats the fruits of the plant. Remove the fallen fruits, spray the infusion of wormwood, apply solutions of biological preparations.
Pear Blossom An insect that lays its eggs in the flower of a plant, feeds on its leaves and buds. Before flowering, spray the karbofos solution with the addition of an emulsion concentrate.
NOTE. Spraying can be carried out comprehensively, to do the treatment against several types of pests and plant diseases.
Another enemy of the tree can be rodentsIn search of food, especially in winter, they gnaw the roots of a tree.
Bottom trees are tied with ruberoid, spruce branches, it will scare off rodents and prevent sunburns from burning trunks.
Pear variety Yakovlev’s memory, like all pears, has medicinal properties, is useful in diabetes, intestinal diseases, removes harmful elements from the body.
This variety grows in many areas of the country and pleases gardeners with tasty and valuable fruits.
Watch the video about the pear of the Memory of Yakovlev.
