A fern is a plant to which mystical properties are attributed. Where grows fern Orlyak? It is distributed almost throughout the globe, with the exception of the polar regions and uninhabitable desert. In the forests, among the young shoots and bushes, the fern feels great.
Lovers of indoor greenhouses could not walk past a beautiful plant. Fern Orlyak serves as a great decoration for a spacious room or winter garden. Grow it at home is easy, knowing about the interesting representative of the flora important details.
Fern Orlyak: photos and description
In nature, there are over 10 thousand varieties fern All of them are scattered around the world and over the years of growth have adapted to the terrain. In terms of the climate of our country, several species of ferns grow here, one of which is Orlyak.
Large plant - perennial. It appeared 55 million years ago and is one of the few oldest lichenwhich not only survived to our time, but also retained their appearance unchanged. It reaches almost 70 centimeters in height, and some up to 2 meters in the southern regions, and unpretentious to the soil.
The name of a fern is associated with the similarity of its oblong leaves to eagle feathers. is he is poisonous for all representatives of the fauna, but successfully used by man for decorating the premises, for medical purposes and even in cooking.
At home, the fern Orlyak will live much longer than in natural wild conditions. With proper care, the plant will please exuberant crown growth to several decades.
More clearly see the fern Orlyak you can on the photo below:
Home care
Fern Orlyak can be grown at home. Responsible approach and compliance with all the nuances is a guarantee that you will be able to grow a healthy and beautiful plant.
Features care after purchase
The first step towards success is to buy a healthy fern.
It is necessary to pay attention to its appearance: the foliage must be elastic, without yellow spots, sluggish segments and parasites, the root system must be intact and intact.
Having brought Orlyak home should leave him for a day in a shaded place. Then transplanted into a previously prepared spacious pot with soil mixture.
The substrate for planting should consist mostly of sand.
Ferns love well-drained soil, they will not be comfortable in a clay environment, therefore often broken bricks are placed on the bottom of the pot.
The hole in the pot should be dug deep, impose a thin layer of compost and carefully place the roots of the plant in the recess. After landing, immediately plentifully pour with special means that will soften and accelerate the adaptation.
Lighting
In the house fern Orlyak will feel good in a dark place away from central heating batteries. Solar windowsills are categorically contraindicated for him - it is better to place a pot with a large plant on the opposite side of the window.
Temperature
Fern Orlyak maintains a fairly wide temperature range - from +10 degrees to +25.
In the summer, the plant can be taken out into places protected from direct sunlight, detrimental to lichen. The main thing is that it is protected from cold drafts and wind.
Adiantum, Polniyornik, Shchitovnik.
Air humidity
In home care of fern Orlyak, it is important to observe humidity. In summer, the lush crown and stem of the plant must be constantly moistened. The leaves should be sprayed with a spray bottle daily, irrigating and the air around. In a dry environment, the fern starts to ache.
Watering
Orlyak likes abundant watering from early spring to late autumn - the soil is moistened 2 times a week, as far as its slightest drying out.
In winter, watering is reduced, making the procedure 1 time in 2 weeks. During this period, daily spraying is sufficient to maintain the required plant moisture level.
Fertilizers and feeding
Fern Orlyak very sensitive to chemical fertilizing.
Fertilize the plant should be after hibernation to restore strength and give impetus to growth. They are made once a week, respectively, the specified dosage.
Transfer
The plant rarely needs a transplant. This is appropriate only in the case of the landing of an adult, fermented fern in open ground for a warm summer period, or if the pot in which it grows has become small for an expanded root system.
Pruning
Crown fern does not need seasonal pruning. At home content Orlyak does not shed leaves. A growing representative of the lichen family in the garden in the spring will "replace" with new ones, which will return to its former healthy appearance.
Breeding
Unpretentious plant breeds in several ways. It is possible to determine which of them is the simplest after detailed consideration of each option.
Spores breeding
In the wild, Orlyak breeds spores, as it is asexual plant.
In home breeding conditions in the fall, cut a sheet from a plant, incise it and put it in a paper envelope for drying.
At the end of January, spores, which are a fine powder, are poured into prepared boxes with soil mixture, irrigated with a spray bottle and covered with thick glass.
After 2 months on the surface of the soil appears green moss - this is the basis for future seedlings. During this period, the glass is removed to provide oxygen.
When individual elements grow together and increase in size, they can be transplanted into separate pots of small diameter. By spring, seedlings are ready and can be planted in another soil. This is a rather difficult method and is rarely used, preferring a lighter alternative.
Reproduction by dividing the bush
The easiest way to get a lot of planting material is to divide the bush into separate parts. The developed and strong root system of the plant allows you to do this without prejudice to the main fern and get a lot of children ready for planting.
The procedure is carried out in early spring, after the end of frost, as soon as the thermometer thermometer shows steadily above 0.
Fern Orlyak not propagated by tubers and shoots.
Diseases and pests
Fern Orlyak often prone to parasitic diseases. Its crown is affected by a scythe, thrips, and whitefly. If the plant is not helped in time and the insect is not saved, it may die. To combat parasitic pests using chemical insecticides. Apply them with caution according to the instructions, so as not to harm the sensitive Orlyak.
Beneficial features
Fern Orlyak is used not only for decorative decoration of the house or garden plot.
Its successful application in medicine and cooking is known. However fern Eaglet has not only useful properties, but also contraindications.
Reviews about the possibility of using plants in these areas are very controversial.
Doctors have long recognized the healing properties of fern. Broths of his young shoots and leaves give good results in the treatment of diseases of the spleen and digestive system.
They are effective in different types of cough and have anti-parasitic properties.
Especially in Orlyak primed rhizome. It has a unique therapeutic effect:
- stimulates growth;
- improves the exchange of iodine and potassium;
- improves performance;
- relieves stress;
- improves overall immunity;
- helps to speed up the metabolism.
Japanese scientists claim that the use of fern rhizome decoction works on excretion of radionuclides.
In Asian countries, the practice of using young shoots that have not yet developed. They are called "snails" for the similarity with this animal. Hardened shoots are toxic and unsuitable for food.
Young shoots - a true delicacy. They can be cooked, fried, baked and added to salads. Untreated shoots become poisonous after 2 days. By taste, Orlyak resembles mushrooms, respectively, and the field of use in cooking is the same.
Contraindications
Many scientists are skeptical about the use of fern for medicinal and culinary purposes. This is due to the fact that the plant juice contains poisons.
Self-treatment is strictly prohibited. All appointments must be made by the attending physician after detailed patient examinations.
The use of Orlyak is contraindicated:
- pregnant women;
- nursing mothers;
- small children;
- patients with intolerance to the substance.
Symptoms of Fern Poisoning pronounced: nausea, severe dizziness, vomiting, allergic reactions, problems in the kidneys and liver.
Fern Orlyak takes a worthy place among ornamental plants. It is easy to care for him, and the result will please every fan of home floristry.
