August - the beginning of the apple pore, which lasts until the frost.
In our region, a huge number of different varieties of apples are sprouting, each of them has its own characteristics.
One of the famous varieties is the apple tree Marina.
What kind is it?
Apple varieties Marina refers to the autumn varietiesIt is usually harvested at the end of autumn, before winter. The variety is quite interesting because it is resistant to frost, and the fruit and the tree itself easily tolerate even harsh winters.
For the winter, for hard frosts, it is recommended to store apples in boxes, you can put the fruit in the cellar. Despite their resistance to cold, apples will be stored much better in the cellars.
The storage time for apples is 150 days, the fruits are in perfect condition until March.
Pollination
Good pollination is very important for this apple tree, as it can significantly improve its fruits and increase its yield.
As for this variety, it is necessary to ensure good pollination, otherwise there may be no fruit at all.
During pollination, an apple tree receives pollen from another tree or plant before fertilization. The best option would be cross-pollination, bees often help to produce it.
Thanks to the bees, an apple tree can be pollinated even from a plant located a couple of kilometers away.
To ensure a good harvest, it is necessary to plant apple trees at least in pairs.
If your site is located among other gardens, then even a single apple tree will give fruit, but it will be much better to plant trees in pairs. It is recommended to plant near at least two different varieties that bloom at the same time..
For the neighborhood with the apple tree Marina, any Ural varieties can be used, as the tree itself is fruitless, any other autumn-winter apple tree can provide it.
Many wild ornamental apple trees are also good pollinators. The best pollinator is still considered Anis Sverdlovsk.
Description of the variety Marina
The tree has a rounded crown and the average density of the branches, tree size is average. The bark is gray, smooth, moving away from the trunk at an angle of about 90 degrees.
There are many leaves on the tree; they have a saturated green color, dull, wrinkled. The leaf plate is down, the cutting has an average length.
The flowers on the tree are small, have a conical shape and bright white color, and their buds are pinkish. The shoots of the tree are brown in color, round in shape and thin, down.
The fruits of the tree have an average size, their weight varies between 90-130 grams. The fruits are almost identical, slightly flattened on the sides. Marina apples are smooth, have a dry skin.
Color: in young fruits yellow, in more ripe red almost all over the surface, striped. Apples have broad, small seeds.
Fruits differ loose structure, sour, coarse-grained. The color of the pulp is bright white. Apples are sour-sweet, very fragrant. They are able to be stored for a long time, the fruits are consumed both fresh and after processing.
A photo
Some photos illustrating the fruits of the apple variety “Marina”:
Breeding history
A variety of apples Marina was bred in the Sverdlovsk Experimental Station Gardening by crossing two varieties - Nega and Gems.
Variety zoned in the Volga-Vyatka region. The main area can be called the whole of the middle of the Urals. It is here that the apple trees grow best, it is quite difficult for them to settle down in another climate. The author of the variety is L. Kotov.
Yield
Apple-tree Marina gives small fruits, however, this tree is very fruitful. After budding, the trees begin to produce fruit in the fifth year, while ensuring constant yields.
Apple productivity is very high, as the tree is resistant to changes in weather conditions - the flowers are not influenced by sudden spring frosts.
In addition, this variety is resistant to scab, has a high field resistance in any years.
For example, if you place the apple on an area of 3 to 6 m, the yield will be about 200 quintals per hectare.
Planting and care
This variety is not picky, but to ensure good yields, you must follow some rules.
All apple trees can grow in the shade, but they love a lot of light and sun. It is not necessary to plant trees in the lowlands, which are prone to frost, as well as near the not deep groundwater.
If the soil is alkaline or acidic - land reclamation will be required, the apple tree will best grow on gray, forest and sod-podzolic black soils with weak acidity. But in general, apple trees Marina can grow on any soil.
Apple trees do not require maintenance, as they are completely unpretentious in dacha conditions. It is only important to protect the trunks in the winter from pests and rodents.
It is best to plant an apple tree in early spring, before bud break, or in the fall, before the onset of severe frost. Apple Marina can grow independently, if in other areas there is a sufficient number of pollinators.
However, it is better not to risk it, and plant it next to other Ural varieties of fruit trees, in which case it will definitely bear fruit.
Diseases and pests
Even if your apple trees in the garden constantly produce crops, one day is not a beautiful day, things can change if the tree is subject to diseases or pests.
Consider the main ones:
- Powdery Mildew Disease. It spoils the shoots and leaves of the tree, the leaves wither and the shoots cease to grow. To combat it in the spring, it is necessary to treat the tree with Topaz or Scor, which is diluted in water. Treatment continues after flowering - trees are treated with copper oxychloride.
Fruit Rot. It is expressed in the manifestation of brown spots on fruits, on which mold appears. These fruits are not suitable for consumption. To get rid of rot, you need to place 40 grams of the drug Hom on a bucket of water and spray the trees - once during the appearance of the leaves and once after flowering.- Bacterial burn may occur when planting a tree, it is a disease of young apple trees. At the same time the leaves turn black and spoil, their shape changes, and the fruits also deteriorate. It is possible to destroy the disease only by eliminating the focus and sealing the resulting cuts on the tree with a welding bar. After it is disinfected with copper sulfate.
- Black cancer - A serious disease of the bark and leaves. If time does not take action - you can lose the whole tree. Manifested in the appearance on the leaves of black spots that are constantly growing. To combat the disease, the affected branches should be chopped off, then the trunk and the deciduous part should be treated with a solution of boric liquid.
Fruit Rot. It is expressed in the manifestation of brown spots on fruits, on which mold appears. These fruits are not suitable for consumption. To get rid of rot, you need to place 40 grams of the drug Hom on a bucket of water and spray the trees - once during the appearance of the leaves and once after flowering.
Among the pests the greatest damage can cause:
- Green aphid - the most common pest. Aphids eat foliage and damage foliage. Ladybirds are considered to be the best remedy for the fight against aphids. If there is no place to take such insects, it is necessary to treat the leaves with a solution of tobacco and soap.
- Red tick - the insect winters quietly in the bark, with each new crop continues to harm him. Tick sucks the juice from the fruit, which makes them dry. For the prevention of ticks, the bark is removed from the tree and burned. You can also spray apple dicofolom.
Apple Mole. Insect winters in the bark, then settles on the leaves, which are beginning to actively eat. In this case, the caterpillars multiply rapidly, which bears great damage to the trees. Spray the leaves with a solution of chlorophos and the moth will not be scary to the trees.- Moth. Moth can winter in both soil and bark. They survive the winter in a cocoon when buds are born, the caterpillar pupates, and then begins to lay eggs on the leaves and young fruits. After a couple of weeks, the caterpillars destroy the fruit, reaching the very seeds. It is not easy to fight it, for this you need to remove all the affected apples and take them as far as possible, destroy the old bark, and also collect the carrion in a timely manner. Karbofos solution can be used for disinfection.
Apple Mole. Insect winters in the bark, then settles on the leaves, which are beginning to actively eat. In this case, the caterpillars multiply rapidly, which bears great damage to the trees. Spray the leaves with a solution of chlorophos and the moth will not be scary to the trees.
It is worth remembering that preventing the appearance of pests is much easier than getting rid of them. Regular disinfection will help to recognize the problem in time and prevent crop damage or tree diseases.
Apple-tree Marina does not require any special conditions, while it gives good yields. Its indisputable advantages are resistance to scab, frost and long shelf life. The disadvantage of the variety is the friability of the fruit.
