Burenka Yaroslavl breed distinguished by their black suit. Their milk has a high fat content, high calorie.
In industrial production, high-quality dairy products are made from the milk of cows of the Yaroslavl breed: cottage cheese, sour cream, cheese ...
Breed history
Yaroslavl breed of cows brought to XIX century. Due to the construction of large centers, the demand for dairy products was increased. At the beginning of breeding, the cows were very weak and fragile. Their species reacted negatively to mixing with other breeds of bulls.
According to their genetics, such hybrids received poor health and a low percentage of the fat component in the dairy product. Therefore, it was decided to display the view only in the tribal selection.
Breeders selected the best individuals from the local cattle. Thanks to the selection work, the correct power scheme, the cows have changed greatly in appearance.
Their physique gained a good steady shape, the bones strengthened, and yield increased several times. The application for the creation of this species was made in 1933.
Appearance
The suit of the Yaroslavl Burenka is black. Head, abdomen, foot area near the hooves, tip of tail, beige or white.
Cows have a dark mask around their eyes. In rare cases, completely black individuals can be found. Even less often - brown or brown-motley.
Torso cows are not stable, the ribs are spacious. Chest 65-75 cm. Sometimes you can find individuals with a highly narrowed sciatic tubercle.
Limbs short with visible joints. Muscles are not well developed. The head is elongated, has an elongated shape. On it are the horns of a light shade. The tips of the small horns are very dark.
Nose with a slight roughness, black. The neck is elongated, with a large number of skin folds. The skin is elastic, elastic, very soft with poorly pronounced subcutaneous tissue. Growth of cows of this type is average. The height at withers may vary within 120-130 cm.
"Yaroslavl" breed of cows: characteristics and photos
Cows of this breed do an excellent job with offspring performance. Deliver well and without complications. The mass of newborn calves 25-35 kg. At the age of 1.5 years 345-385 kg.
Daily gain varies within 700-800 gr. Bulls can weigh up to 810 kg. The fixed maximum bull weight is 1150 kg. Cows weigh 450-510 kg. Their udder is developed remarkably: it is large, with a lot of milk. On average, the weight of milk per year is 2400-3600 kg, fat content - 4.2%.
Most cows produce milk fat content of 4%. If milk yield exceeds the mark of 6000 liters, the fat content rises to 6%.
There are other dairy breeds of cows, such as: Jersey, Simmental, Aishir, Red Steppe.
Photo "Yaroslavl" breed cows:
Important! With an increase in milk yield, the fat content of milk may increase by 2%.
Nutrition and care
This type of cows has such high-quality milk that it is pointless to dilute them for slaughter. In this type of cows fat layer is very low. Weight carcasses at the bottom has low rates.
Currently, breeders are working on fattening of this species. The feeding of cows and the conditions of their keeping strongly influence the quality of milk.. Cows react remarkably to new types of feed and a rich expansion of the diet. This has a positive effect on the yield of cows and the quality of meat.
This type of cows is crossed with the Holstein breed. As a result, breeders have turned out new species of individuals - Mikhailovsky. Udoi new breeding species average 6500 liters.
Yaroslavl cows can live in private barns and public institutions. This type of positive adapts to all types of content.
In the diet can include vegetable feed. Special feeding is not required. But cows need to give fresh grass, hay. Nutrition must contain bone meal, vitamins A, B, D, E.
Diseases
This species is well resistant to diseases. No diseases of leptospirosis, malignant fever, necrobacteriosis were observed.
Breeding rules
These cows are valued for unpretentious diet. Cows are well tolerated by natural features.
Adapt to any content. Bring up to 5 calves in reproductive age.
They do not spend a lot of feed. You can buy calves throughout the territory of the Russian Federation.
Cows are bred in the Yaroslavl Region, Vologda, Pskov, Nizhny Novgorod, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kostroma. View Yaroslavl cows - one of the best representatives of the dairy.
The milk of these cows is great for making cheeses, sour cream, cottage cheese. To keep the breed clean with a good milk yield, it is necessary not to cross the Yaroslavl cows with other species.
Milk of the Yaroslavl breed of cows has the highest rates of fat component. The cows of this breed perfectly cope with the productivity of offspring. The species is distributed throughout the territory of the Russian Federation..
