In modern poultry farming, egg incubation is of decisive importance. Through the process significantly increases the productivity of poultry eggs or meat direction. Today we will discuss the model of the Universal-45 incubator.
Description
The model "Universal" was developed and put into production at the Soviet Union, at the plant of Pyatigorsk. Appointment of the device - the breeding of poultry: chickens, ducks, geese.
These are heavy machines of the class of cabinet incubators intended for large farms and poultry farms. Model "45" consists of two cabinets - incubation and hatcher. Each cabinet consists of panels equipped with thermal insulation and turning mechanisms of trays, fans, humidification systems, etc. Cabinets are equipped with windows in which you can watch the process.
For personal use, pay attention to the incubators "Сovatutto 24", "Сovatutto 108", "Nest 200", "Egger 264", "Layer", "Perfect hen", "Cinderella", "Titan", "Blitz".The rotary mechanism - the drum, with the help of a special drive, regularly changes the angle of inclination, while the locking device is responsible for the safety of the eggs, which prevents the trays from rolling over or falling out.
A special feature of the model is the ability to provide the output of all types of poultry, the well-thought-out design allows the continuous operation of both cabinets.
Did you know? Some chickens build incubators without taking part in the incubation of chicks. A hawkish (resident of Australia) lays eggs in a pit prepared for her by a male. At the bottom of the pit is rotted and heat-emitting grass, which the male collected several months. The chicken, laying eggs, leaves, and the chicks, hatching, get out of the pit filled with sand independently.
Specifications
Incubator device dimensions:
- height - 2.55 m;
- width - 2.35 m;
- length - 5.22 m.
- height - 2.55 m;
- width - 2.24 m;
- length - 1.82 m.
For work, you need a power of 220 W, the power of the electrical unit is 2 kW of energy.
Production characteristics
Trays for eggs in the device are arranged by type of shelves, one above the other. The number of trays of the incubator compartment is 104 trays, the output compartment is 52 trays.
When laying the capacity of the trays is as follows:
- chicken - 126;
- duck - 90;
- goose - 50;
- turkey - 90.
Learn how to choose a thermostat for an incubator.
Incubator Functionality
An automatic control unit with which the content parameters (humidity, temperature) are monitored is located above the door of the incubation apparatus. In case of violation of the permissible values of the mode, the device notifies about this with light and sound signals, at the same time it opens the dampers for the air flow, which cools to the required temperature when overheated.
Operating humidity indicators - up to 52%, temperatures - up to 38.3 ° С. The desired temperature is maintained with the help of heaters in the form of tubes on the rear panels of the cabinets. The temperature relay and thermometer are located near the viewing window.
Simultaneously operating air dampers (supply and exhaust) provide a constant flow of fresh air and removal of polluted air. Moistening in the device is provided with a built-in disk humidifier.
Learn how to disinfect the incubator, disinfect and wash the eggs before incubation, how to lay the eggs in the incubator.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the model include the following factors:
- the ability to display all types of poultry;
- device capacity;
- not difficult to operate.
- outdated design requires updating;
- hatching is lower than in many more modern models.
Instructions on the use of equipment
Consider the details of the operation of the incubator.
Preparing the incubator for work
The incubation material is waiting for its laying in a special vault; before being placed in the vaults, it is selected by size, it is checked for the presence of fertilization with an ovoscope, and it is disinfected.
Important! To prevent the eggs from misting in the incubator, they are removed from the storage facility to the incubation room.The device includes two to three hours earlier than the planned bookmarks for warming up to the required temperature.
Egg laying
Eggs are laid vertically in trays, and then trays in the cells of the cabinet. Duck and turkey eggs lay tilted and goose horizontally.
The drum is balanced by the same number of trays, at the top and at the bottom of the shaft: such device demands for full-fledged work. In case of incomplete loading, the trays are placed on the shelves as follows: in the middle, filled trays are placed, and at the edges are empty.
Incubation
With the given parameters of humidity and heat, the material is waiting for its hour. On the sixth day, the ovoscope is used to determine how the embryo develops. With a negative result, "empty" eggs are removed. The following stages of development checks are carried out on the tenth and eighteenth day. Constant monitoring of the process allows you to adjust the mode of the device to the slightest nuances.
Get acquainted with the rules of incubation of chicken, duck, turkey, goose, quail, and indoutin eggs.
Hatching chicks
On the twentieth day, the eggs are transferred to hatchers (turkey and duck - on the 29th day, goose - on the 31st). After birth, chicks are sorted by gender, and then according to growing directions.
Important! Hatched offspring contain at a temperature of 28°C, with air humidity not higher than 75%.
Device price
Average price of products:
- 100 thousand rubles;
- 40 thousand hryvnia;
- 1,500 American dollars.
findings
According to reviews of poultry farmers, incubators perform their main function; they are convenient in operation, albeit cumbersome. But the main problem is hopelessly outdated equipment, which, however, with the help of craftsmen, is being changed to more modern and new. Replacing requires the skill of a master, since both the automation and the mechanics of the device need updating.
If you mess with the search for the master, grinding in the work, in addition, the financial situation allows the purchase of modern equipment, it is easier to purchase a new model than to play with the old one. Of modern incubators with similar characteristics, experts recommend the following industrial models:
- "Prolisok";
- "The Incas";
- IUP-F-45;
- "IUV-F-15";
- "ChickMaster";
- "Jameswey".
Also, large volumes can be output in the Stimul-1000, Stimul-4000, Stimulus IP-16, Remil 550CD, and IPC 1000 incubators.
By the way, the IUV-F-15 and IUP-F-45 models are produced by the very same Selmash of the city of Pyatigorsk, albeit reconstructed.
Did you know? An incubator is on the back of a female Suriname toad - a hollow in the form of a bag, covered with skin. The eggs, which the toad laid, the male shifts into this bag. Tadpoles hatch here and live until they become frogs.In conclusion, we note that it is better to purchase domestic cars, since in case of a breakdown, it may be difficult to find spare parts for imported counterparts. Consider that in your household you will definitely need the help of a qualified electrician.
